History of Nagpur: Unravelling the Rich Past of India's Orange City

If you are gaining knowledge about the "History of Nagpur", then you arrived at your destination. Nagpur has a very rich history and a very great past. Nagpur known as the "Orange City" due to its abundant citrus orchards, is a thriving metropolis located in the state of Maharashtra, India. Its history is deeply rooted in antiquity, with a legacy that spans centuries. In this comprehensive article, we will delve into the annals of time and explore the captivating history of Nagpur. From its ancient origins to its role in India's struggle for independence, this article aims to shed light on the events, cultures, and personalities that have shaped the city's past. So, let's embark on a journey back in time and witness the fascinating story of Nagpur unfold.

History Of Nagpur

So, come on and witness the detailed history of Nagpur!!!!!

People Also Read - Interesting Facts of Nagpur

1. Early Settlements and Ancient Origins

Nagpur's history traces back to ancient times, with evidence of human settlements dating as far back as the 8th century BCE. The region was once part of the vast Maurya and Satavahana empires, leaving behind traces of their cultural and architectural influence. The earliest known settlements in the Nagpur region can be traced back to ancient times, with archaeological evidence suggesting human habitation dating back to the Stone Age, and hence plays a significant role in the history of Nagpur. These early inhabitants lived in caves and relied on hunting and gathering for survival.

2. The Rise of Deogiri

A Statue In Nagpur Of Gond King

During the 14th century, Nagpur saw significant growth under the rule of the Gond kingdom. The Gonds established their capital in Deogiri, present-day Nagpur, and fostered a flourishing cultural and economic landscape. During the medieval period, the Nagpur region came under the control of the Gond Kingdom. Later, in the 18th century, the Bhonsle dynasty, founded by Raghoji Bhonsle, rose to power in the region. Raghoji Bhonsle established his capital in Nagpur, making it a significant center of administration, trade, and culture.

3. Nag Bhumi to Nagpur

Nag Bhumi - Land of Snakes

The city's name "Nagpur" finds its origins in the Nag River and is believed to have been derived from "Nag Bhumi," meaning "land of snakes." The Nag River's serpentine course through the city's landscape is a testament to this ancient association and plays a major impact in the history of Nagpur nomenclature.

4. The Bhonsles and the Maratha Influence

In the 18th century, the Bhonsles took control of Nagpur and became prominent rulers. They were closely associated with the powerful Maratha Empire, and their reign brought about further growth and development. Under the Bhonsles, Nagpur became a part of the Maratha Empire, which was one of the dominant powers in India during that time. The Marathas played a crucial role in expanding and consolidating their rule over central India, with Nagpur being an important stronghold. Bhonsles and Marathas played a vital role in the history of Nagpur and its creation.

5. The British East India Company and Nagpur

Old Rare Photo of Nagpur-British Library

With the advent of the British East India Company, Nagpur came under British suzerainty. The city served as the capital of the Central Provinces during the colonial era and witnessed significant administrative changes. During the 19th century, the British East India Company gradually expanded its influence in India. Nagpur came under British control in 1853 when the British East India Company annexed the Nagpur kingdom. After India gained independence in 1947, Nagpur became a part of the state of Madhya Pradesh and later, in 1960, was transferred to the state of Maharashtra.

6. Nagpur as the Geographical Center of India

Zero Miles Stumb

An interesting geographical fact about Nagpur is that it lies at the exact center of India. This unique positioning has earned it the nickname "Zero Mile City" and holds historical significance for travelers and cartographers alike. Nagpur is located in the central part of India, specifically in the state of Maharashtra. Its geographical coordinates are approximately 21.15 degrees North latitude and 79.09 degrees East longitude. India's geographical extremities are the northernmost point of Indira Col in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, the southernmost point of Kanyakumari in Tamil Nadu, the easternmost point of Kibithu in Arunachal Pradesh, and the westernmost point of Koteshwar in Gujarat. Nagpur lies roughly at the midpoint between these four extreme points, making it the geographic center of India.

People Also Read - 5 Lesser Known Facts About India

7. The Culturally Rich Vidarbha Region

Nagpur is the crown jewel of the culturally diverse Vidarbha region. The history of Nagpur is interwoven with the artistic expressions, festivals, and traditions of various communities that call Nagpur and its surroundings home. Vidarbha is known for its diverse cultural tapestry, as it has been a melting pot of different traditions, languages, and art forms. The region is home to various ethnic groups, including Marathis, Gonds, Banjaras, Bhils, and many more, each contributing to the cultural mosaic of Vidarbha.

1. Arts and Crafts: Vidarbha has a rich tradition of arts and crafts. The region is famous for its handloom and textile industry, producing exquisite fabrics like Paithani sarees, Banarasi brocade, and Himroo shawls. Intricate beadwork, pottery, and wood carving are also integral parts of the region's artistic heritage.

2. Festivals and Celebrations: Vidarbha's festivals are an important part of its cultural identity. People celebrate major Hindu festivals like Diwali, Holi, and Ganesh Chaturthi with great enthusiasm. In addition, unique regional festivals like Pola, Gudi Padwa, and Bhagoria add further vibrancy to the cultural calendar of Vidarbha.

3. Traditional Music and Dance: Music and dance are an integral part of Vidarbha's culture. Folk forms like Lavani, Tamasha, and Gondhal performances are popular in the region. Lavani, a traditional dance form, is known for its energetic movements and expressive storytelling.

4. Cuisine: Vidarbha's cuisine reflects a blend of culinary traditions from different communities. It offers a delightful array of dishes, including Varhadi (spicy and aromatic) cuisine, Saoji (fiery and rich) delicacies, and delectable sweets like Puran Poli and Basundi.

5. Historical Landmarks: The Vidarbha region is dotted with historical landmarks that reflect its glorious past. Ancient Buddhist sites like Deekshabhoomi in Nagpur and Ramtek Temple have deep religious and cultural significance. The region also boasts impressive forts and palaces, such as Gawilgarh Fort and Gond Forts, which stand as testimonials to its historical legacy.

6. Literary Heritage: Vidarbha has been a source of inspiration for numerous writers and poets. Its literary heritage includes contributions in various languages, such as Marathi, Hindi, and Urdu. Several poets and authors from the region have enriched Indian literature with their works.

7. Traditional Practices: The region preserves various traditional practices and rituals that have been passed down through generations. Agriculture plays a significant role in the lives of people, and traditional farming practices are still followed in many rural areas

8. Nagpur's Role in India's Independence Movement

Nagpur played a significant role in India's Independence Movement, contributing both to the political struggle against British colonial rule and fostering a spirit of nationalism among its people, by virtue of which the various freedom fighters' names have been written in gold in the history of Nagpur and India's. Here are some key aspects of Nagpur's involvement in India's struggle for independence:

Bal Gangadhar Tilak

1. Freedom Fighters and Leaders: Nagpur produced several prominent freedom fighters who actively participated in the independence movement. Notable leaders from the region include Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, and Subhash Chandra Bose, who played crucial roles in organizing and leading nationalist movements.

2. Tilak's Connection: Bal Gangadhar Tilak, a prominent figure in the Indian independence movement, had strong ties to Nagpur. He was born in Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, but later moved to Nagpur, where he started his political career and established the Marathi-language newspaper, "Kesari." Tilak's fiery editorials and speeches in Nagpur sparked a sense of nationalism and resistance against British rule.

3. Non-Cooperation Movement: During the Non-Cooperation Movement launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1920, Nagpur actively participated in various civil disobedience campaigns. People from all walks of life, including students, professionals, and common citizens, boycotted British institutions, refused to pay taxes, and held peaceful protests.

4. Civil Disobedience and Quit India Movement: During the Civil Disobedience Movement of 1930 and the Quit India Movement of 1942, Nagpur witnessed widespread participation in protests, strikes, and acts of civil disobedience against British rule. Many leaders and ordinary citizens were arrested and faced brutal suppression by the colonial authorities.

5. Historic Sessions of Indian National Congress: Nagpur hosted two historic sessions of the Indian National Congress during the independence movement. The 1920 Nagpur session, presided over by C.R. Das, marked the beginning of the Non-Cooperation Movement. The 1953 session, held at the Kasturchand Park in Nagpur, focused on issues related to language, culture, and regional aspirations.

6. Swadeshi Movement and Boycott of Foreign Goods: The Swadeshi Movement, which encouraged the use of indigenous products and boycotted British-made goods, found strong support in Nagpur. People enthusiastically embraced swadeshi goods and actively participated in public bonfires of foreign textiles.

7. Formation of Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS): Nagpur is the birthplace of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a nationalist organization founded in 1925 by Dr. Keshav Baliram Hedgewar. While not directly involved in the political struggle, the RSS played a vital role in promoting nationalist ideologies and instilling a sense of pride in Indian culture and heritage.

9. The Architectural Splendor of Nagpur

The city boasts a treasure trove of architectural wonders, with a blend of ancient and contemporary structures. From the majestic Deekshabhoomi stupa to the enchanting Futala Lake, each site holds tales of the city's past. Recently build Ram Mandir, Koradi is the latest addition to the list of beauty. It showcases the whole life of Ram Bhagwan in slides of pictures. And it was inaugurated by the President of India.

10. The Legacy of the Orange City

The nickname "Orange City" is not just a reference to the citrus orchards but also a tribute to the vibrant and warm-hearted nature of its people. Nagpur's cultural heritage and its love for oranges continue to charm visitors from far and wide.

11. The Railway Heritage of Nagpur

Nagpur Railway Station

Nagpur's history is intrinsically linked to the Indian Railways, as it served as a major railway junction during the colonial era. The city's railway heritage has left an indelible mark on its development and identity.

12. The Vidhan Bhavan and Political Significance

Vidhan Bhavan Nagpur

The imposing Vidhan Bhavan, the seat of Maharashtra's legislative assembly, stands as a symbol of political significance and governance in Nagpur. Its majestic architecture reflects the city's historical prominence.

13. The Stalwarts of Nagpur

Throughout history, Nagpur has been home to several notable figures who have left an enduring impact on various fields, including literature, arts, politics, and sports.

14. Nagpur: A Centre for Education

Nagpur's commitment to education is deeply ingrained in its past. The city hosts numerous esteemed educational institutions that have nurtured generations of talented individuals.

15. The Allure of Nagpur's Markets

Nagpur's bustling markets have been a hallmark of its history, serving as centers for trade and commerce. From the aromatic Itwari Market to the vibrant Sitabuldi Market, these places are a treat for the senses.

16. Religious Harmony in Nagpur

Nagpur embraces religious diversity, with people of various faiths coexisting harmoniously. This unity is evident in the city's numerous temples, mosques, churches, and gurdwaras.

17. Nagpur's Festivals: A Mosaic of Celebrations

The city's vibrant festivals, such as Ganesh Chaturthi, Diwali, Durga Puja, and Eid, showcase the communal harmony and shared celebrations of its multicultural populace.

18. The Influence of Haldiram's on Nagpur's Identity

Haldiram Nagpur Logo

Haldiram's, a beloved snack and sweet chain, originated in Nagpur. Its journey from a small sweet shop to an international brand is a testament to Nagpur's entrepreneurial spirit.

People Also Read - How to Hold A Wine Glass

19. Futala Lake: Nagpur's Romantic Getaway

Futala Lake, with its picturesque surroundings and charming atmosphere, holds a special place in the hearts of Nagpur's residents and visitors alike. Futala Lake is indeed a romantic getaway and a cherished destination in the heart of Nagpur, Maharashtra. Known for its serene ambiance and picturesque surroundings, it has become a popular spot for couples and visitors seeking a peaceful retreat.

20. The Empress Mills and Nagpur's Textile History

The historic Empress Mills, established during British rule, was a significant milestone in Nagpur's textile industry and contributed to its economic growth.

21. Deekshabhoomi: A Symbol of Buddhist Heritage

Deeksha Bhoomi Nagpur

Deekshabhoomi, the largest hollow stupa in the world, stands as an iconic Buddhist monument and a testament to Nagpur's rich spiritual heritage.

22. The Vibrant Folk Arts of Nagpur

The city celebrates an array of folk arts, including Tarpa dance, Lavani, and Tamasha, reflecting the diverse cultural heritage of the region.

23. Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve: Nagpur's Wildlife Connection

A Still from Tadoba National Park

Nagpur's proximity to the Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve offers nature enthusiasts and wildlife lovers a chance to encounter India's majestic tigers and diverse flora and fauna.

24. The Orange Festival: Celebrating Nagpur's Citrus Delights

The Orange Festival, a delightful celebration of Nagpur's citrus produce, showcases the city's agricultural significance and cultural richness.

25. The Modern-Day Metropolis

Nagpur's history has paved the way for its transformation into a modern-day metropolis. The city continues to grow, adapting to the demands of the present while preserving its glorious heritage.

FAQs about the History of Nagpur

Q: What is the old name of Nagpur?

A: The old name of Nagpur was "Nagpura." Over time, it evolved to its present name, Nagpur. Nagpura is believed to have been derived from the Nag River, which flows through the city and lends its name to the region. The city's historical records often referred to it as "Nagpura" before it came to be known as Nagpur.

Q: How did Nagpur get its name?

A: Nagpur got its name from the Nag River, which flows through the city. The origin of the name can be traced back to ancient times when the region was known as "Nagpura." "Nag" is a Sanskrit word that means "snake" or "serpent," and "pura" means "city" or "settlement." Thus, Nagpura translates to "City of the Nag River" or "Settlement near the Nag River." 

Q: Why is Nagpur famous?

A: Nagpur is famous for the following reasons:

1. Nagpur is often referred to as the "Orange City" due to its large-scale production of oranges. 

2. Its strategic location makes it approximately equidistant from India's extreme northern, southern, eastern, and western points.

3. Due to its pleasant winter climate, Nagpur is designated as the "Winter Capital" of Maharashtra.

4. Deekshabhoomi, the largest stupa in Asia, and Sitabuldi Fort, which played a role in the city's history.

 

Q: Who was king of Nagpur?

A: The title "King of Nagpur" was used during the reign of the Bhonsle dynasty in the Nagpur region. The Bhonsles were a Maratha dynasty that ruled over Nagpur and surrounding territories during the medieval period and the British colonial era. 

 

Q: Who founded Nagpur?

A: Nagpur gained prominence during the medieval period when it became the capital of the Bhonsle dynasty. The Bhonsles, who were a Maratha dynasty, ruled over the region and played a significant role in shaping Nagpur's development as a political and administrative center. 

 

Q: Who named Nagpur city?

A: The name "Nagpur" is believed to have been derived from the Nag River, which flows through the city. The origin of the name can be traced back to ancient times when the region was known as "Nagpura." "Nag" is a Sanskrit word that means "snake" or "serpent," and "pura" means "city" or "settlement." Thus, Nagpura translates to "City of the Nag River" or "Settlement near the Nag River." 

 

Q: What is the nickname of Nagpur?

A: The nickname of Nagpur is "Orange City." Nagpur is known by this nickname due to its large-scale production of oranges.

 

Q: Is Nagpur bigger than Pune?

A: Pune is larger in terms of population and area compared to Nagpur. Pune is the second-most populous city in the Indian state of Maharashtra, after Mumbai, and it is known for its rapid urban development, educational institutions, and IT industry.

On the other hand, Nagpur is the third-most populous city in Maharashtra and is a major commercial, industrial, and administrative hub in central India. While both cities are significant in their own right, Pune's population and area are generally larger than Nagpur's.

Q: Why Nagpur is called Heart of India?

A: Nagpur is often referred to as the "Heart of India" due to its central geographical location within the country. The designation "Heart of India" signifies its strategic positioning as being approximately equidistant from India's extreme northern, southern, eastern, and western points. 

Conclusion

As we conclude our journey through the history of Nagpur, we are left mesmerized by the city's vibrant tapestry of cultures, traditions, and architectural wonders. From its ancient origins and rich heritage to its modern-day prominence, Nagpur stands as a testimony to the resilience of a city that has gracefully embraced change while preserving its roots.

So, the next time you visit Nagpur, take a moment to cherish the orange-hued sunsets, explore its historical landmarks, and relish the sweetness of its citrus delights. The "Orange City" beckons you with open arms, ready to share its captivating history and warm hospitality.